When you receive the keys to a new home or apartment, it’s not just a symbolic moment — it’s a předání klíčů, proces, při kterém dochází k formálnímu převzetí odpovědnosti za nemovitost. Also known as převzetí nemovitosti, it is the moment when legal and practical responsibility shifts from seller or landlord to you. This is not a handshake and a smile — it’s a legal turning point that can cost you thousands if done wrong.
Behind every key transfer lies a předávací protokol, dokument, který pečlivě zaznamenává stav nemovitosti v okamžiku převzetí. Without it, you have no proof that the windows weren’t broken, the floor wasn’t water-damaged, or the kitchen sink didn’t leak when you moved in. Many people think it’s optional — it’s not. In practice, it’s the only thing standing between you and an unjustified deposit deduction. Even if your landlord says "it’s fine," get it in writing. A single photo isn’t enough — you need a signed, dated, and itemized list of every defect, scratch, or missing part.
The stav bytu, konkrétní fyzický a funkční stav nemovitosti v okamžiku předání matters more than you think. It’s not about cleanliness — it’s about functionality. Is the heating working? Do all outlets have power? Are the locks on all doors secure? Is the bathroom vent running? These aren’t minor details — they’re your rights. And if something’s broken, it’s not your fault unless you signed that it was fine.
And don’t forget the nájemní smlouva, právní základ, který definuje, co se stane, když se něco pokazí po předání klíčů. It doesn’t matter if the landlord promised you repairs — if it’s not in writing, it doesn’t exist. The contract should reference the protocol. If it doesn’t, ask for an addendum. Many disputes start because someone assumed "oral agreement" meant anything.
What you’ll find in the posts below are real-life examples from people who got burned — and how they fixed it. You’ll see how a missing signature on a protocol cost someone 15,000 Kč. How a tenant in Brno proved a leak was pre-existing using dated photos and a neighbor’s testimony. How a landlord in Ostrava lost a court case because he didn’t document the condition before the tenant moved in. These aren’t theoretical scenarios. These are cases from Czech courts and rental agencies.
This isn’t about being suspicious. It’s about being smart. The keys aren’t just metal — they’re your access to responsibility, rights, and risks. Get the protocol right, and you protect your money, your peace of mind, and your future. Skip it, and you’re gambling with your deposit — and your legal standing.
Předání klíčů při prodeji nemovitosti není jen formálnost. Závisí na něm, kdo nese riziko škody, kdo platí účty a jak se vyhnout soudním sporům. Zjistěte, kdy a jak předat klíče správně podle českého zákona.